IP wiki
We have summarized the most relevant processes for you
Practical IP transfer examples
Use cases for IP transfer
Germany: Sensor-Tech
FOS4X SENSORS FOR BLADES - STRESS REDUCTION FOR WIND TURBINES
Encouraged by an IP-Savvy University Institute Director with an entrepreneurial spirit and positive feedback from industry sponsors, a team of young researchers decided to bring their fiber optic measurement technology to market. Access to the University's Patent Portfolio and Research Facilities, Together with the Business Experience Acquired by One of the Co-Founders, Paved the Way to the Creation of Fos4X. The young company decided early on to focus on applications for wind turbines, and their patents turned out to be crucial in a market of mostly large players. The company was acquired in 2020 by PolyTech on the basis of its innovative technology and IP portfolio.
%2520Blade%2520load%2520monitoring%2520on%2520wind%2520turbine%2520rotor%2520blades.png)
Austria: Biotech
OncoQR
BOOSTING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO FIGHT CANCER
Two entrepreneurial scientists with business experience have created a technology platform for immunology vaccines that make cancer and allergy treatment possible. For product development and technology commercialization, they founded two startups, s-Target Therapeutics and OncoQR. Thanks to a robust patent portfolio and an IP strategy supporting their business case, they followed several commercialization pathways, including investments in own research and development, collaborative development and technology out-licensing. IP was essential for gaining revenue early on through licensingas well as for attracting funding. This was crucial given the longtime-to-market periods that are typical in biotechnology.
.png)
Portugal: Medical Tech
PERCEIVE3D
DISRUPTINGSURGICAL NAVIGATION
Spinning out from the Portuguese University of Coimbra proved to be the best way forward for conceive3D to commercialise a promising technology in the medical imaging area. Due to the small size of the local market, broad patent protection proved crucial to both targeting international markets and securing continuous investment during the long development and approval phases leading up to commercialization of the technology.
.png)
Turkey: Biotech
DERMIS PHARMA
DERMALIX: INNOVATION IN WOUND HEALING
Four female researchers from Ege University developed Dermalix, a novel wound dressing designed to accelerate healing for chronic wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers. Early IP protection, secured through the university's technology transfer office, was key when initial licensing efforts failed. Participation in a start-up acceleration program led to the founding of Dermis Pharma, attracting VC funding for clinical trials. A strategic partnership with pharmaceutical leader Abdi Ibrahim enabled commercialization, bringing Dermalix to market and offering a new treatment option for millions of diabetes patients worldwide.
.png)
Guidelines, guidelines or recommendations for action
checklists
IP Wiktionary
| term | description |
|---|---|
| graduation | As sales increase, the value contribution of the invention decreases and the value contribution of the company increases. As a result, it is common practice on the market to price in a discount for increasing product sales in the second half of the patent period. |
| discount factor | Factor by which future cash flows are discounted to their present value. The discounting factor consists of the general interest rate level and the risk premiums for the project under consideration. |
| ArbnerFG | Directive regulating the rights and obligations of employees and employers in respect of inventions made by employees in the context of their employment relationship. |
| State aid law (de-minimis/AGVO) | When universities or research institutions support spin-offs with public funding, the requirements of EU state aid law apply. It sets economic limits within which agreements may operate. |
| reference value | Principle of 'distinctive minting' for identification |
| blockbusters | In the pharmaceutical industry, a drug with an annual turnover of more than a billion dollars. These drugs represent breakthrough therapies for widespread or difficult to treat diseases. |
| CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) | A financial-theoretical model that describes the relationship between the expected risk and the expected return of a security. |
| Change-of-Control | Change of control or ownership in a company, in particular during financing rounds. |
| Discounted cash flow (DCF) | Method for valuing investments by discounting future cash flows or capital flows. |
| Invention complex | If a product is protected by several patents, the license rates are reduced proportionally to avoid overwhelming licensees. |
| Supplementary protection certificate | Possibility to extend the patent term of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals by five years as compensation for the approval process. |
| Financing round | Process in which corporations raise equity by issuing new company shares. |
| Freedom-to-Operate (FTO) | An analysis to assess whether a planned business activity is free of legal obstacles. |
| Business models with organic growth | If there are no prerequisites for a clear venture case, alternative forms of financing can be examined. |
| Goldscheider rule | Approach to determine appropriate license fees based on average profitability in a market. |
| Budgetary law | Requirement that publicly financed assets may not be sold below value. |
| University teacher privilege | Until 2002, a privilege in Germany that attributed inventions made by university teachers to their property as part of their work. |
| Net present value | Present value of an investment after discounting future cash flows with a standard market discount factor. |
| Know-how | Economically usable information that is protected by appropriate security measures. |
| License analogy | Procedure for determining comparable standard market license rates for an intellectual property right. |
| license framework | Evaluation principle to limit known license rates in the evaluation process. |
| License (exclusive and exclusive) | Permission from a rights holder to a third party to perform certain actions that are normally reserved for her. |
| Market practice | Transaction at price terms as would be agreed between independent contractors. |
| patent | Intangible property right that grants a monopoly on an economically viable technical invention. |
| Patent range | Describes the countries and regions in which the intellectual property rights were registered and granted. |
| Patent-Troll | A company that collects patents to sue others without producing itself. |
| PCT login | An international patent application process that enables patent protection in several countries with a single application. |
| Prior Art | Refers to any information or technology that was publicly available before a specific point in time and represents the state of the art. |
| Term sheet | Non-binding agreement that outlines the basic conditions for a transaction. |
| drawer patents | Patents that have been filed and often granted, but are not used commercially. |
| Spin-off | An academic spin-off that exploits intellectual property from research work. |
| Copyrighted content | Copyrighted content grants exclusive rights to works such as music, literature or software. |
| Venture Capital (VC) | Equity provided by female investors to finance high-risk spin-offs with high growth potential. |
| Venture capital case | Venture capital-financed start-ups with patent-based business models and high innovation potential. |
| dilution | Reducing a shareholder's percentage by increasing the share capital. |
| Virtual Involvement | Participation in the spin-off based purely on debt law without shareholder rights. |
| Pre-emption right | Contractually granted right to purchase an object or right before other interested parties. |
| Virtual Stock Option Plan (VSOP) | A compensation system in which participants participate in increasing the value of the company without transferring shares. |
Contacts to your university
.png)
Trusted partners
for your success
Have you questions?
contact usThe IP Toolbox is intended to provide researchers with easy access to the topic of intellectual property and make the IP transfer process more transparent and easier to understand. Much content is based on information and tools from external sources, which are provided and linked accordingly. The IP Toolbox does not claim to be complete accuracy in all cases of IP transfer and does not provide any legal guarantee. Details should always be discussed with the relevant authorities at universities or with lawyers and experts specialized in the topic. If you encounter incorrect information or have suggestions for improving the IP Toolbox, please feel free to use the contact field below.